Want to try and use Python and (if you need it) IRAF? Try installing AstroConda (click here)!

If you need to learn Python, I would recommend Codecademy. They offer sessions where you can get a feel for the language. Codecademy also offers learning sessions for other languages as well (e.g., HTML and CSS).

Why learn Julia? Basically, Julia is very similar to Python that it is easy to use, but it is almost as fast as C or Fortran. Check out the comparisons in speeds here. If you want to start learning some of the syntax really quickly, try looking at the following links:

• Learn X in Y minutes
• Click here if already know Python or Matlab

Emacs:

• Click here to start the process of installing Emacs on your machine
• Click here to learn some Emacs commands

Atom:

• Click here to start the process of installing Atom on your machine

If you want to start learning how to write scientific papers, eventually you'll want to use LaTeX to do so. For starters, I recommend using Overleaf (click here). There, you can find the latest version of AASTeX and start practicing LaTeX.

If you're new to git, then I recommend looking at this "cheat sheet" made by Nina Jaeschke (right here).